การพัฒนามนุษย์ตามหลักพุทธจริยศาสตร์

The objectives of this research were: 1) to study the problems of human development; 2) to study the principles of Buddhist ethics used in human development; 3) to study human development according to the principles of Buddhist ethics. This study was carried out by means of documentary research by collecting data from primary and secondary documents. The obtained data were interpreted by the descriptive analysis.

The research results are as follows:

1) The problem of human development is that in the age of globalization, society places too much emphasis on human development in both physical and material aspects and neglects the mind. This causes many problems such as physical problems include disease, moral problems, including lack of discipline, mental problems, including depression. Cognitive problems include problems with emotional violence in solving problems, etc.

2) Principles of Buddhist ethics used in human development are Buddhist teachings used to develop human beings to achieve balance, namely the four noble truth (suffering, cause of suffering, end of suffering, way out of suffering), the Trisikkha (morality, concentration, wisdom) and Four Bhāvanā (Kāya-bhāvanā, Sīla-bhāvanā, Citta-Bhāvanā and Paññā-bhāvanā). 

3) Human development according to Buddhist ethics is the application of the Trisikkha principles and Four Bhāvanā for human development in 4 areas as follows: 1) Kāya-bhāvanā is the development of the body; 2) Sīla-bhāvanā is the development of behaviors to have discipline; 3) Citta-Bhāvanā is to develop the mind to have quality and potential; 4) Paññā-bhāvanā is to understand things as they really are, know the world and life according to the circumstances, save oneself from suffering and solve problems that arise with intelligence.