An Analytical Study of the Relationship Between Gross National Happiness (GNH) of Bhutan and Buddhist Peaceful Means

This research declares six issues as follows: Three objectives as follows: 1) To study the concept and theories of Gross National Happiness (GNH) in Bhutan, 2) To study Buddhist Peaceful Means in promoting happiness and peace, 3) To analyze the relationship between Gross National Happiness (GNH) of Bhutan and Buddhist Peaceful Means.

Type of Research: This is a documentary research. Model of Research/Research Design: The research uses a qualitative content analysis approach. Source of Data: The study draws from both primary sources (such as Bhutanese policy documents and Buddhist scriptures) and secondary sources (including commentaries and scholarly articles). Research Tools: The primary tool used is document analysis. Statistics Used to Analyze Data: The study applies qualitative analysis, without using quantitative statistics.

The results from objective no. 1 reveal that Gross National Happiness (GNH) is a holistic development model that emphasizes well-being over economic growth. It incorporates social stability, cultural preservation, environmental conservation, and good governance, structured through four pillars, nine domains, and thirty-three indicators.

The results from objective no. 2 show that Buddhist Peaceful Means—particularly from the Mahāyāna and Vajrayāna traditions—emphasize ethical conduct, the Principle of Cause and Effect, Bodhicitta (Awakening mind) and Rarity of Freedoms and Advantage those are foundations for fostering peace and happiness in society. These principles offer a spiritual and practical framework for inner and social harmony.

The results from objective no. 3 demonstrate a close alignment between GNH and Buddhist Peaceful Means. Bhutan’s governance policies reflect Buddhist values, where secular governance represents conventional truth, and true happiness embodies ultimate truth. The integration of these principles into national development fosters sustainable and ethical well-being. The study suggests that future research explore how GNH and Buddhist Peaceful Means can be adapted globally to contribute to ethical governance and sustainable development.