รูปแบบการพัฒนาความรู้ความเข้าใจทางการเมืองเพื่อสร้างความเป็นธรรมลดความเหลื่อมล้ำทางสังคมจังหวัดเลย

            Objectives of this research were: 1. To analytically study general conditions, problems and obstacles of social disparity in Loie Province, 2. To study the problem solutions process of social disparity in Loie Province and 3. To propose the management model of social disparity problem solution in Loie Province by Buddhism principles integration. Methodology was the mixed methods: The quantitative research, data were collected by questionnaires. The qualitative Research, data were collected from 17 key informants by in-depth-interviewing and from 8 participants in focus group discussion and data were analyzed by content descriptive interpretation

              Findings were as follows:

             1) General conditions, problems and obstacles of social disparity in Loie Province were found that people had values in the patronage system. The government agencies that were involved did not give the importance to the case and lacked continuity in political development. The large bureaucratic structure made the work of the command and access to information slow, lacked integration in work, power abused to provide benefits to the kins.

             2) The process of political development for social justice and disparity reduction reduce in Loie Province was found that political development was necessary to create people political participation together with the responsible agencies. Political development in Loie Province, by overall, was at high level (  x bar = 3.97).Considering each aspect; opinions on knowledge and understanding of political development was at the highest level (  x bar = 4.10), followed by knowledge and understanding of the political system (  x bar = 3.98)  and the lowest level was the opinion on the Knowledge and understanding of  equality  (  x bar = 3.85), providing social justice by individuals or agencies treating or providing services to people with fairness and equality, or equal allocation or assistance to people, by overall was at  high level (  x bar = 4.01). Each aspect was found that the opinions on the social justice of basic human right was at the highest level (  x bar = 4.08), followed by 1. Knowledge and understanding of social justice (  x bar = 4.07 )  and the lowest was social justice (  x bar = 3.91) and reducing social disparity by giving people access to welfares of various government sectors including access to educational opportunities, justice and political opportunities, management to create social justice in Loie Province by overall were  at high level(  x bar = 3.95). It was also found that the opinions on the access to the government service was at the highest level (  x bar = 4.17) followed by the power inequality (  x bar = 3.94)  and the lowest level was the opinions on  un-equal access to the distribution of opportunities (  x bar = 3.86)

             3) The proposed management model for solving the social disparity problem in Loie Province by integrating the principles of Saraniyadharma 6, virtue for fraternal living, to apply in political development to create social justice and disparity reduction in Loie Province was considered appropriate, because this Dhamma is the principle of sharing. The principle of mutual dependence. Only that the 6 principles of this Dhamma have to be adapted to suit the situations. It was also found that political development to create social justice and disparity reductio in Loie Province with the 6 principles of Saraniyadharma by overall was at high level (  x bar = 3.99). And each aspect was found that, Sadharanabhogi, sharing what one has with others was at the highest level (  x bar = 4.11), followed by Silasamanyata, equal morality with fellows, openly and in private ( x bar= 4.08) and the lowest was Mettakayakamma, to be amiable in deed, openly and in private (  x bar = 3.74). Saraniyadhamma 6 can be integrated to develop political system to create social justice and disparity reduction by applying Mettakayakamma, to be amiable in deed, openly and in private, Mettavacikamma, to be amiable in words, openly and in private, Mettamanokamma, to be amiable in thoughts, openly and in private, Sataranabhogi, to share any lawful gains with virtuous fellows ad Titthisamanyata, to be endowed with right views along with one’s fellows, openly and in private. This Dhamma when applied in daily living will enhance societies to have loving-kindness, good understanding and sympathy.  If organizations adapt and integrate this Dhamma in solving problems arising from social disparity, the problems will be reduced while societies will be more justice full. It will instill mindfulness and consciences for people to appreciate the society in Loie Province.